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Management and non-professional staff are treated fairly in business? Not always recognize the 207 companies "of all sizes and in all sectors" surveyed by the consulting firm Kurt Salmon and the law firm of Fromont Briens. 73% of managers surveyed, the majority of HRD, said they faced a problem of equal treatment and / or salary.

What are the most promising areas of inequality? Not surprisingly, the reduction of working hours which comes first, cited by 60% of companies. One reason the system packages days, 35 hours derogating for about 1.5 million frames. Closely monitor the conditions of dismissal (59%), the supplementary pension (54%) and foresight (48%) or those not having the status framework are clearly disadvantaged.

Asian markets see red on Tuesday, like their American and European counterparts. After a brief period of optimism following the European Agreement on the debt control, "the market's attention is focused on implementing the plan, wondering when banks will be recapitalized and if additional funds can be allocated to the European financial stability, "said Kazuhiro Takahashi, broker at Daiwa Securities, quoted by Dow Jones Newswires.

The Tokyo Stock Exchange and ended the session down sharply from 1.70% to 8835.52 points. The broader Topix index has in turn yielded 1.25% to 754.50 points. In Japan, the export sector still suffers from a weak yen against the dollar only after direct intervention from the Japanese government on the foreign exchange market to weaken the outbreak of the currency.On Tuesday, the dollar stood at just above 78 yen and the euro around 108 yen, well below their value on Monday. "We are engaged in a war of nerves" with speculators, said Japanese Finance Minister Jun Azumi at a press conference.

Toyota lost 1.82%, Mitsubishi and Nissan Motor 1.90%. The automotive sector has not benefited from the announcement of an increase of 28.3% of new vehicle sales in October. TDK has, however increased by 3.67%, even after the publication of a net profit, down to $ 56.6 million in the third quarter. Toshiba has gained 1.43% despite announcing a 19% drop in quarterly profits. Other value of the day in Tokyo: Panasonic, which has lost 5.07%.The rating agency Moody's said it may lower the rating of long-term debt of the Japanese electronics giant, because of the poor profitability of its TV and semiconductor and high costs of Restructuring.

Oil down

Moreover, time is also reduced. The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong and Shanghai respectively, losing 1.97% and 0.11%. The Korean Kospi is in equilibrium, an increase of 0.03%, the S & P lost 1.52% Australian and Indian Sensex drops 0.80%. In Sydney, the mining sector was battered in the wake of the raw materials: BHP Billiton lost 2.72% and 2.98% Rio Tinto. Same thing in Hong Kong where Aluminum Corp. 4.38% loose.

Oil prices were down after the announcement of the bankruptcy of U.S. broker MF Global Fund and new fears about the debt crisis in the euro area.

The threat of a strike by cabin crew of Air France for the Thanksgiving holiday continues to weigh, despite progress in negotiations. One of the three unions, Unac, has indeed lifted its strike notice on Tuesday, after further management proposals. "Given the achievements and progress of these negotiations, delegates from the Unac consider that we should not miss this opportunity to meet our demands," said the union.

But two other unions, the SNPNC-FO and UNSA-Air, have maintained their parallel strike notice, which shall commence from 29 October for three to five days.

Negotiations break down including the number of crew members present on long flights, medium and short haul Air France would like to reduce.However, "this will place a serious case of the safety of passengers on flights of Air France," a judge of the unions representing flight attendants and stewards, the SNPNC-FO, in a statement.

Individualisation of pay

The unions also challenge the project management to change the evaluation system flight attendants. Air France would they be judged by their purser, rather than instructors, who are former cabin crew, as is the case.

But the unions, particularly the UNSA-Air, fear that this reform does not lead to an individualisation of pay in lieu of the automatic promotion today. They also fear that this new mission will turn the heads of cab "chefaillons.""After eight hours of negotiations, management has not provided a satisfactory response to our demands," summarized the SNPNC-FO cash advance today.

The social atmosphere is tense at Air France, then the group is setting up a savings plan which aims to restore its competitiveness. The priority of the airline is more than ever to fight against fierce competition from low cost airlines, said Jean-Cyril Spinetta, head Air France-KLM, in an interview to Le Monde dated Tuesday.

Restore competitiveness

To do this, Air France opened on October 2 its first regional base in Marseilles, to serve thirty destinations. Other bases are expected to follow in Toulouse, Nice and Bordeaux in 2012, after negotiations with the unions. The opening lines of low cost flights from Marseille had required a significant reorganization of work, to achieve lower costs by 15%.

If negotiations prove difficult, the group has little choice. Air France KLM has lost 40% of its market value in two and a half years, and suffered a loss of 197 million euros in the first quarter of fiscal 2011-2012. Just days after replacing unexpected Pierre-Henri Gourgeon Juniac by Alexander at the head of the group, Air France – KLM is also expected to issue a warning on its results for the period April to September, announced on Tuesday morning radio BFM Business. The company declined to comment on this information.

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Morale is looking good again this Thursday on the Asian markets. After being cooled by the Slovak parliament not the strengthening of the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF), investors in the region are now reassured by the statements of European leaders to end the debt crisis. They have shown their approval for an urgent recapitalization of banks in the euro area. Analysts see it as an important change: the euro area is now considered a default of Greece as an option.

Operators also appreciate the position of the European Commission called for a strike force increased EFSF. In this regard, the Slovak government promises a new vote in Parliament no later than tomorrow, Friday. These news had boosted European and U.S. markets to new heights yesterday.

A weaker yen

Direct impact on the markets, the euro is rising again.It is 1.3801 dollar and is trading around 106.30 yen this morning sharply higher against the Japanese currency. In Japan, the Nikkei is relieved by the weakening of the currency. One hour of closing, he climbed 0.86% to 8814 points. Export values, hit recently by concerns over the global economy is picking up. TDK Corp jumped 4.17%, 2.96% Sharp and Citizen Holdings 3.05%. The automotive sector is also up to the image of Mazda Motor (4.49%) and Hyundai (2.7%).

The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong and Shanghai respectively earn 18,680 points to 1.91% and 0.50% to 2432 points. As for ads, the trade surplus of China has contracted to 14.51 billion dollars last month with a slower growth of exports.They rose in September by 17.1% year on year to reach 169.7 billion dollars, slower than imports jumped 20.9% to $ 155.2 billion dollars.

The Korean Kospi advance of 1.11% to 1829 points and the S & P Australian 0.85% to 4240 points, relieved by the authorization granted by the competition authorities Virgin Australia (1.59%) for an alliance Singapore Airlines (1.52%).

Oil markets more cautious

The oil was however down Thursday in Asia, where the market wait before the publication of figures on weekly petroleum reserves in the United States. In electronic trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for November delivery lost 86 cents to 84.71 dollars. Barrel of Brent North Sea crude for November delivery yielded nine cents to 111.27 dollars for the last trading day of the deadline.

The Paris Bourse tries to continue the registered slight rebound on Friday. The CAC 40, which opened sharply lower did an about face in the morning. Around 11:00 he advances from 1.86% to 2863.9 points, pulled up by the banking sector. On Monday, Asian stock markets were grinding still black, still concerned about the problems of economic downturn worldwide. "The main problem is that neither the U.S. nor Europe has many options to address their concerns," said Masayoshi Yano, a broker at Meiwa Securities, quoted by Dow Jones Newswires.Investors include much more than expected joint statement of finance ministers and central bankers from the G20 at the end of the meeting in Washington Thursday.

Other major European markets are evolving in a piecemeal, Frankfurt ahead of 1.25% but London always yields 0.84%.

Moreover, the concern surrounding the problems of sovereign debt in Europe remains strong, especially as we enter a crucial week for Greece. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) said that a delegation will travel to Athens this week to determine whether or not the country can benefit from the sixth round of eight billion euros, it vital to avoid bankruptcy. Moreover, Germany will vote Thursday the agreement for the expansion of the scope of the relief fund of the zone (EFSF). Sunday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel expressed confidence the outcome of the vote.Evangelos Venizelos, Greek Minister of Finance, for his part spoke with Jean-Claude Trichet, head of the ECB, a debt restructuring Greek.

In an effort to reassure global markets, finance ministers of the euro area are committed in a common text, to "do everything necessary to solve the crisis of debt and financial stability of the area in whole and its Member States. "The idea of ​​taking office faster than expected EFSF has also been raised by Germany this weekend.

EU Commissioner Olli Rehn himself has said that Europeans reflected to provide the EFSF additional instruments, beyond those agreed in July to give "more power" in an interview with Die Welt newspaper.

The Ifo index better than expected

The Ifo index of business climate in Germany has brought a little balm in the heart of investors. Ila recorded in September a decrease less than expected payday loans.However, this is its third consecutive decline, which seems to suggest that the activity of the first euro zone economy is slowing.

Program from the rest of the week are particularly, the index of investor confidence and U.S. consumers (Tuesday), the final reading of French GDP in the second quarter (Wednesday) and U.S. (Thursday) and retail sales in Germany (Friday).

As for currencies, the euro still appears under the $ 1.35 this morning at 1.3407 dollar. Oil prices, however, went up the slope in morning trading, amid hopes of an agreement to increase the reserve fund for the eurozone.A barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in November gained 18 cents to 81.04 dollars a barrel and Brent North Sea crude for November delivery took 42 cents to 104.39 dollars.

Values ​​to follow

• Banking

The banking sector led the trend. By late morning, returning 7.7% BNP Paribas, Credit Agricole and Societe Generale 7.3% 4.54%.

Rumors are still running on a recapitalization by the state of all French banks. The Journal Sunday this weekend evoked an injection of 10 or 15 billion euros.

In addition, the Deposit, the Postal Bank and Dexia negotiate the creation of a new public to fund local governments, according to Le Figaro.In addition, the Franco-Belgian bank could increase its program to sell its toxic assets, housed in bonds, 20 billion euros, according to Les Echos.

• LVMH (-2.23% to 103.10 euros)

The group announced Friday now hold almost all the shares of the Italian jeweler Bulgari, the luxury giant announced the takeover in March.

• France Telecom (-0.91% to 11.40 euros) Iliad (-0.70% to 84.80 euros), Vivendi (-1.29% to 14.57 euros), Bouygues (-1.89 % 24.43 euros).

The state is on track to win his bet on the financial 4G mobile frequencies after a first series of which reported more than budgeted and, according to experts, suggests an aggressive posture in the second round by operators who have not had the expected number of lots.

Note that the IPO of Groupama, long anticipated, was again postponed and is now expected "more towards 2015," said its director general, Jean Azema, in an interview with Les Echos.

All Americans should be involved in the effort to reduce the deficit. This is the message sent on Monday by Barack Obama from the White House Rose Garden. The U.S. president, who presented his program of deficit reduction, confirmed a tax plan of 1500 billion to the deficit of 3000 billion over the next ten years. "We can not get out of this abyss only by reducing spending. It is normal that we ask everyone to pay their fair share, "said the president.

In Focus: the wealthiest Americans. Barack Obama chose not to extend beyond the end of 2012, the expiration date, the tax breaks granted to wealthier by the administration of his predecessor, Republican George W. Bush. "We can not afford these tax rates low for the rich.We can not help us while we are suffering large deficits, "he says.

The most significant proposal remains the introduction of a tax, "Buffett," the name of the investor Warren Buffett who has proposed. As expected, Bush did not go into details about the conditions of its applications but according to the New York Times, the tax on millionaires that will concern only 0.3% of taxpayers.

"This is not the class struggle is mathematical"

According to Barack Obama, "it is not the class struggle, it is mathematical," he joked, responding to criticism from his Republican opponents who accuse him of wanting to punish those who have succeeded and discourage "create jobs". "Any reform plan will increase revenues to help reduce our deficit.This must be part of the formula, "argued the U.S. president, noting that" middle-class taxpayers should not pay more taxes than millionaires and billionaires. It is loud and clear, and difficult to contradict. "

The project also includes U.S. President down $ 580 billion (425 billion) in mandatory spending on social programs, including Medicare (health insurance for the elderly) and Medicaid (the federal program for the poor). It is also banking on an economy of one trillion dollars (733 billion) over ten years due to the withdrawal from Afghanistan and Iraq.

But the camp of the Republicans who control the House of Representatives has already ruled out raising taxes to reduce debt abysmal in the country.The proposals of the White House must still be forwarded to a bipartisan parliamentary committee, which means that this bill is unlikely to be adopted in the state.

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Veronique Cayla, President of Arte since last January, is working to redress the Franco-German channel.

LE FIGARO. – Are you worried hearings lower than for DTT channels?

Veronique Cayla. – Arte was affected later by the arrival of DTT. It was only in 2009 that the audience began to drop out. Until then, the evening of Arte has remained at around 3% audience share and, earlier this year, we went down to 1.8% and 1.5% in the evening on the entire day. As France 5, the transition to DTT implies, moreover, Arte for the transition to broadcast 24 hours 24. While the chain of France Televisions significantly increased its investment in programs, Arte spent only 5 million per year to its schedule of the day, offering viewers between 5:00 and 7:01 p.m. showcase particularly poor.Most of the budgetary effort focused on the distribution costs which increased by 46% between 2007 and 2011.

Our new contract with the state gives us a public grant of 270 million euros in 2012, an increase of 7.3% over 2011. The entire increase will be allocated to programs. In return, we will, over the next five years to reverse the curve of the hearing and to win back viewers. I believe that today, no historical chain would risk such a commitment!

The group Arte has a budget of more than 400 million euros (250 million for France). Is it normal in view of its audience?

Arte is a chain serving the Franco-German broadcast in both countries and whose mission is to produce works (fiction, documentaries, films, live shows …). Which necessarily more expensive.In addition, because of bilingualism, Arte can not be a TV stream as simultaneous translation is simply unbearable for viewers.

Your audience is close to 60 years. What will you do to rejuvenate?

There is no question of rejuvenating the audience but to expand it. We find in fact that the same programs that are viewed on our antenna by more than 55 years seduce our site arte.tv 40 years. In other words, these are not programs that age the hearing but the media. I hope so much courage to all those whose strategy based on a rejuvenation of their audience on television! With Arte, we believe that if we suffered on TNT, Internet will save us.

As for the grid, we will work by step, our goal this year is the access to work and then we will address the day gradually up towards midday.

What are the developments on the Internet?

Arte has always been way ahead of the Internet, as evidenced also the success of Arte + 7, our catch-up TV, Arte Live Web, our platform for concerts and live performances, and Arte Creative devoted to art. Today, viewers may find this offer via mobile applications. We will amplify this group policy by continuing to create specific content for the Web. The recent history proves audiovisual Arte must not remain isolated but create a "group" around its antenna.We plan to create three other platforms that could be spent, for example, environment, film and history.

In 2012 and 2013, we will focus on the production of hybrid programs that can be broadcast in television and declined at the same time on the Internet. So we will keep our lead on the connected TV is a blessing to us! It will enable us to attract a wider audience in television and offer a more demanding public and sharp versions of these programs, all on the same screen. At the same time, we will work to relinéarisation part of our program digital platforms to allow viewers to create their own channels Web2.0.

Some accuse you of being more a chain of discovery.What do you say?

Given the history of the chain, it was normal to do work of historical reconciliation between our two countries. That's why the story has long been the focus of programming Arte. Today, there is no reason not to add more in this chain. We must look at the world. Otherwise, Arte no sense in relation to public expectations. The discovery programs are quite a place on Arte.

Pressure on Europe. Even before the G7, which met Friday night in Marseille finance ministers and central bank governors of the G7 (U.S., Japan, Canada, Germany, France, Italy, UK), Christine Lagarde urged leaders of the Old Continent to "act now and boldly."

Executive Director of the IMF did not hesitate to dramatize the situation. "The world economy is in a period fraught with danger," she said in London, alongside the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, before flying to Marseille.She reiterated her concerns vis-à-vis European banks: "Faced with the rising risks and uncertainties and the need to convince the markets, some need to strengthen their capital." We explained to the IMF and the European economies are funded for three quarters by banks and only a quarter through the markets (the opposite in the U.S.) and are highly dependent on the health of their banking system.

Old friend of Christine Lagarde, the U.S. Treasury Secretary has also multiplied the statements at the Europeans. In an article in the Financial Times, Timothy Geithner asked "an unequivocal commitment to support the European financial system and ensure that states can borrow at interest rates as they adopt sustainable reforms."Then, Friday afternoon, he returned to the charge, live from the Old Port with Bloomberg TV in the rooms was sending a market enchanting image: "It is very important for the world that the Europeans do the right thing , he said. It is in the interest of the United States that the euro will survive. "

Tensions

The G7 meeting ended, Friday night, for a press conference Baroin, who chaired the proceedings. The central bankers have published "terms of reference" that mark a commitment to "strong" and "coordinated," said Baroin, on four themes: the challenges of the global economy, the balance between fiscal consolidation and recovery, pursuing monetary policies that allow banks to supply the necessary liquidity, and the reform of financial regulation.

The responses of the G7 remains limited.The possibility of an announcement of coordinated central bank for monetary policy even more generous seems unlikely, "I do not think we will see that," Geithner acknowledged. The IMF, whose services are exposed to a new state G7 encrypted in the world economy, called for a stimulus modulated, depending on the situation of each country, welcoming the passage the Obama plan for employment (see below below).

But Germany, the only G7 country whose public finances could provide room to maneuver, had refused in advance: "Combating the crisis with a debt even more pronounced, it would be the wrong path to take," said Wolfgang Schäuble, his finance minister. But that's another German who fed the conversations, Jürgen Stark, the chief economist of the ECB, resigned.

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World famous for its underground parking, Vinci Park would become better known in Moscow. According to the Russian business daily Vedomosti, the group, in collaboration with its partner, the billionaire Arkadi Rotenberg, a close associate of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin has offered his services for the construction of parking in the center of the capital, and extension Moscow metro.

These two proposals, which, according to officials in Moscow, are currently before the town hall. For now, the company manages parking only international airport Sheremetyevo in the north-west of Moscow. But she wants to continue to grow in the country. "Russia is one of our objectives clearly displayed.(..) We have a desire to develop ourselves in this country where the need for parking facilities are very important, "said a spokesman for Vinci, who declined to give further details on the subject.

Demand exceeds supply

Several years ago, the giant French had already proposed to invest $ 300 million (210 million) in the construction of underground parking near subway stations and in the central arteries of the capital (Tverskaya, Lubyanka). "But officials do not have their assigned sites in places as important," the newspaper said. Same for the metro, which is of interest, "which are under state protection."

Previously, the city financed the construction of car parks and subway lines with its budget without resorting to foreign investors.But today, the ability of Russian manufacturers is not enough to complete all projects planned by the city of Moscow. Therefore Vinci "has all these opportunities" to participate in construction programs, the officials commented.

Of large projects

By five years, the mayor of the Russian capital plans to create nearly 2 million parking spaces, and has already launched tenders for the construction of seven parking spaces for a total of 1520 seats. "A place so close to cost 200,000 rubles (500 euros) and will be more beneficial if an investor takes over the construction of a network," says the director of the Department of Antimonopoly Policy of Moscow Gennady Degtev.

As for the extension of twelve subway lines, the mayor of Moscow also has gigantic projects.The plan to build 14 stations expected to open within two years and opening 75 km of new lines paydayloans. To do this, it provides 343 billion rubles (8.5 billion euros) in its budget between 2012 and 2014.

Possible support for Putin

Through collaboration with the contractor Arkadi Rotenberg, Vinci won the 2009 tender to build the first section of the highway Moscow-Saint Petersburg, whose total cost is estimated at 66.081 billion rubles ( 1.65 billion). According to a former official of the Moscow mayor, support Rotenberg, close to Putin, will once again allow the French company won the contract.

The group Vinci has extensive experience in the construction of car parks in the world.He also participated in numerous construction projects in the metro French cities (Paris, Rennes) and abroad (Budapest, Athens, Hong Kong). However, analysts said, one of the main handicaps of Vinci, the lack of experience on the Russian market. And this handicap could be considered by the Russians during the bidding process. Vedomosti also states that the manufacturer Austrian Strabag also plans to get into the race for the extension of the Moscow metro.

The construction of the highway Moscow-Saint Petersburg is controversial

In July 2009, the Russian Federal Agency Rosavtodor decided to entrust the construction of the first section of the highway Moscow-Saint Petersburg (15th to 58th km) to the North-West Concession Company (NWCC), as part of a public-private project.This company is owned 50% by the French Vinci, the remaining capital is shared between the contractor and the fund Arkadi Rotenberg "N-trans." The construction should also be done with funds from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the funds of Russian banks VEB and Sberbank. Investors in the NWCC received in exchange for the right to operate the highway for 30 years. But the construction project, which started in 2010, has generated considerable controversy among associations of environmental protection because the route of the highway, which passes through a protected forest. Work has been frozen by Russian President Dmitry Medvedev in August 2010 and were resumed in April 2011. After the withdrawal of the EBRD and the EIB, the group Vinci is the only Western participant in this project.

Shortly before the start of the session in New York, the index futures Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 declined by 0.26% to 1169 points and 0.77% at 2122.50 points. The Dow Jones was approached for its small down from 0.13% to 11,253 points.

After aligning the day before a third consecutive session, the U.S. stock markets may experience a more mixed session on Thursday. As of Wednesday evening, the title of Apple, the Apple brand famous plunged 7% in electronic trading after the close of trading in reaction to the departure of the group's founder, Steve Jobs, Tim Cook replaced by .

So that investors may enclose the value seriously, now, from the beginning of the session. The stakes are high for Apple.On 9 August, Apple had a happy time oil giant Exxon Mobil's first-place capitalization in the world in full trading day before falling on the second step of the podium.

Unemployment menu

In terms of macroeconomic indicators, the weekly jobless claims, which will be published before the start of the U.S. session at 2:30 p.m., will also be monitored. A consensus of analysts expected a slight decline to 405,000, against 408,000 previously.

Wednesday night, orders for durable goods in the United States had rebounded in July, prompting stock markets to rise, on both sides of the Atlantic. "But the indicator of business spending showed the U.S. economy remains fragile," do, however, keep stock analysts from Barclays.In a context marked by the end of the indicators is misguided, or worse in reality than it seems, investors are on their defense.

Meanwhile Jackson Hole

Especially since tomorrow is Friday that Ben Bernanke will speak from Jackson Hole this Friday at 16:00. We will then know whether a possible third last monetary easing, on which markets have been speculation this week, will be decided. Alternatively, investors can look forward to continued low interest rates likely. The second estimate of U.S. GDP for the second quarter will also be unveiled.

The growth rate of the world's largest economy in the spring, which had greatly disappointed a month ago, could then be revised down 0.2 percentage point to 1.1%.