"The management of Eid is a real headache," says the manager of a transportation network. "Half of my bus drivers are Muslim. When they ask everyone to leave that day, how do you ensure 100% service? "
To anticipate these pressures, some companies now distribute a calendar of all religious festivals with their team leaders. While others repeatedly objected to "absences for religious reasons." "Each company designed a place for Allah. If employees are many Muslims, they dictate the standard. Otherwise, it's very random, "says anthropologist Dounia Bouzar, which today publishes the results of an extensive investigation into the working world. (Allah has a place in the company? Albin Michel).A textbook which we regret the anonymity of managers who tell on a daily basis, rising claims.
One third of French companies have expressed their concern, primarily in Ile-de-France, but also in the north-east and south-eastern France, in the areas of trade, services and construction, according to the results of Ifop poll of April 2008. "Can you dismiss an employee who gets to wear the headscarf?" Questioning often responsible when using Dounia Bouzar to conduct an audit. Or "the great festivals of Islam have to be considered holidays?". To guide companies, the High Authority against Discrimination and for Equality (Halde) had issued a notice last March. In essence: the religious claims can be denied only where they penalize the service.Rules of procedure shall be invalidated by the courts if the headscarf banned without real reason. Since the association IMS-Business for the city, who gathered around Claude Bebear very large companies, held, also, to illuminate the subject with a guide. For applications beyond the working class now. "In banking, where the number of frames is important, there is a rise of religious claims. And in the automotive and construction, the question wins the administrative headquarters, "says Benjamin Blavier, IMS. This new visibility fueling fears of an escalation. "Soon, everyone will arrive with skullcaps, crosses and display Christ around the office," predicts an HRD to Dounia Bouzar."If I tolerate any application, it will grow," worries he.
The scarf is very badly perceived
If the anxiety is widely shared, the rules applied in the field vary widely. Paradoxically, Ramadan, though very visible, "is rather well accepted in the business" where he is something of cultural tradition, and say Lylia Dounia Bouzar. In the construction sector, "the HRD are particularly concerned about the risk of accidents because employees who do not eat are weakest. They usually adjust schedules when their employees are many practitioners, "say the authors. In retail, "long breaks" are provided to break the fast and not at noon. "The restaurant business is open later and offers halal soup, milk and fruit, a kind of vital smic what 'reflects an official.However, some executives of North African origin regret communautarisation facies: "I am an atheist. Yet, I always offer to leave earlier, "protested Faycal. "It's like you said, today we commemorate the ascent of Jesus to heaven so we all end up to 15 hours."
If Ramadan is tolerated, prayer in the firm bristles, however most employees and managers. Symbolically, pray at work seems like an act of "proselytizing." "The prayer is at home," repeated most of the respondents. "There is no question he asks while others bossent, a senior judge. While elsewhere, ignites an employee: "Why do we let pray while I was refused a development schedule to pick up my child in the manger."
In large companies, prayer rooms have been created yet.Especially in the automotive industry. A French manufacturer has even built changing rooms. Conversely, a large Japanese brand "to the employee to sign an undertaking not to practice his religion on his place of work" in defiance of law, "said Dounia Bouzar.
As for the headscarf, it is still very poorly understood. Except for junior positions, companies would like the outlaw. But the case back "to the criteria of common law," says the anthropologist. "The mere contact with the customer does not prohibit the headscarf." We must demonstrate that it contradicts the rules of safety, it can hurt the convictions of the entourage that night or the performance or commercial interest.The general management rules, which apply to religious demands.
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