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Shale gas are not likely to be exploited in France. This was decided by the government, according to our information, is about to repeal the three exploration permits in possession of the American Schuepbach respectively (in the Ardèche and the Larzac) and French Total (near Montelimar) . The decision should be formalized at the start of next week. It comes close a file full of controversy.

Under the legislation July 13 that prohibits the controversial technique of hydraulic fracturing to exploit shale gas, licensees had to put the government in September a report in which they detail their exploration techniques. Sixty-four reports have been well reviewed by the Directorate General for Energy and Climate (DGEC).Most relate to conventional deposits and are not a problem.

In its report, stressed Schuepbach did not give up hydraulic fracturing, considered the only available technique to extract oil trapped in narrow fissures of shale payday loan. The operator is therefore logical to withdraw his license by the government.

However, Total indicated on September 12 to do without this process. "We do not take for granted the release of Total, we will use the report" had then told the BBC the Minister for Ecology Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet. According to a source familiar with the matter, the experts found the report of the French group in accordance with law. Unless last-minute turnaround, it was not enough to prevent the decision to revoke the license of Montelimar."Nobody would have understood that we the American differences and not the French," said an industry expert.

It's already Christmas in the "civet"! The government has made on Friday, a nice gift for tobacconists. Their pay on each pack of cigarettes will increase from 6.5% to 6.9% of the selling price. This increase will begin in January 2012 and will be spread over five years, the duration of the new "future contract" signed between Valérie Pécresse, Minister of Budget and Pascal Montredon, president of the Confederation of tobacconists. This is in addition to various support measures for tobacco shops located near the border and in rural areas, estimated at 320 million euros.

The increase in compensation benefits, it at all tobacco shops alike. Paradoxical, because "the sale of tobacco as aids have allowed your average income increase by 57% between 2002 and 2010," as recalled by Valerie Pécresse to tobacconists, who held their annual conference in Paris Friday."In total, more than 1 billion euros that came with your support and profession, which has also benefited, for many of you, the effects of the reduction in VAT in catering."

"At least 10 cents more per pack"

In early 2003, a sharp rise in prices had collapsed sales and forced the closure of nearly 5,000 retailers. There remains 28,000. But since 2004, the price increase regular, moderate (6% per year since 2009) did not in fact impact on the number of cigarettes sold in tobacconists, to the dismay of supporters of tobacco control and Department of Health. As a result, sales of tobacco outlets rose year after year at the rate of inflation of cigarettes for their benefit as for that of tobacco, and especially of the state, who pocketed 80% of price of a pack, which brings in each year over 10 billion euros Business Card Holders.

While the additional gift to tobacconists would have no direct impact on government accounts. In all likelihood, the increase will be offset in compensation not to lower fees charged by Bercy, which closely monitors its accounts, but rather by a decrease in compensation of the tobacco industry, as was the case in the previous contract for the future.

To the extent that tobacco companies have no intention of making less money, they will offset the decline in their pay on each packet by an increase in their prices. "To erase an annual decline of 0.1% of our earnings should be increased by at least 10 cents the price of a package," says one manufacturer. "It's a vicious cycle that will strengthen the cause of the difficulties of cross-border tobacco shops," adds another.

Tobacco companies can increase their prices at the beginning of each quarter.Their next rate adjustment will occur not necessarily next January, to the extent that prices will rise by 6% already on Monday, October 17 or 10, as decided by the government. The pack of Marlboro will then 5.90 to 6.20 euros.

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All weekend, they multiplied the meetings and news: the political leaders of industrialized countries have mobilized to show that they had taken stock of efforts to engage to address concerns about the state of their finances. This will reassure the markets, worried after the announcement Friday after the close of a deterioration in the rating of the sovereign debt of the United States by Standard & Poor's, but also disturbed by the difficulties faced by countries in the region euro to implement the solutions to the crisis in Greece. With always in sight the risk of contagion of debt to other countries.

In the wake of the Asian stock markets, down sharply this morning, the benchmark index in Paris has started his week on a further decline, however, moderate (-0.74%) before recovering quickly in green.Half an hour after opening, the CAC 40 rose 0.58% to 3297.71 points. Sign that the markets have understood, at least in part, statements of intent to both sides of the Atlantic, the austerity measures aimed at fiscal consolidation in industrial countries.

Yesterday, Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy reiterated their determination to ensure that the bailout of Greece on 21 July be adopted before the end of September. They also praised the efforts of Spain and especially those of Italy, two weak links in the euro area at present. Indeed, Rome has advanced by one year (from 2014 to 2013) the goal of return to balance its accounts. In addition, the European Central Bank (ECB) said it would implement "active" its buyback program obligations.This measure, taken and announced last week by Jean-Claude Trichet, president of the institution, had absolutely convinced investors. On the contrary …

Relaxation rates in Spain and Italy

This does not seem to be the case this morning. The ECB did not specify to which countries would focus the bond buyback program, but rates in ten years Spanish and Italian relaxed strongly on Monday in the bond market, passing under 6%. Relaxation is expected to continue, while the French Minister of Economy and Finance has confirmed Baroin on Europe 1 that the ECB was ready to buy the Spanish and European debt, if investors withdrew.

Elsewhere in Europe, the trend is much better than the stock market crash feared by investors. In Frankfurt, the DAX opened down 1% to 6170.69 points.A little more for London, the FTSE 100 opened down 1.15%, before recovering slightly (-0.77%) to 6204.12 points. In Madrid, the Ibex 35 index wins more than 2.6% to 9.30 at 8843 points. Finally, Milan sign the best growth (+3%) to 16,500 points.

Next on the list?

However, uncertainty should remain in force on the European markets at the beginning of the week. The decision of Standard & Poor's in the United States continues to claim haunt the minds of the markets, despite a weekend to "digest" the news.Now that the world's largest economy, long considered one of the most reliable borrowers, is not as well marked, which could consider itself safe from degradation? In France, this concern should be limited, however, the chief economist for Europe, Standard & Poor's Jean-Michel Six, who said Saturday that the agency maintained the "AAA" of France, in a stable outlook no fax pay day loan.

Before testing the first effects on the markets of this political mobilization, the announcement of the ECB on repurchase of bonds has already led to support the euro against the dollar. At 7 o'clock this morning, the euro was worth 1.4321 dollars, against 1.4281 dollars on Friday night, after the dollar rose to 1.4370 on Sunday night.But above all concerns macroeconomic benefit to gold, which recorded a new record Monday on the market in Hong Kong, dying for the first time the maximum 1700 dollars an ounce, and benefiting fully from his safe haven status.

The sharp drop in oil

Instead, the side of the oil, oil prices continued to tumble on Monday. Result of numerous concerns about a possible global recession, prices show a sharp decline. In morning trading in Asia, a barrel of "light sweet crude" lost 2.59 dollars to 84.29 dollars, while that of Brent North Sea crude for September delivery fell by 2.48 dollars to 106.89 dollars.

Finally, the political mobilization should remain in force throughout the day, and guide the trend in European markets as U.S.. For the side of the macroeconomic data, the news will remain low in the first day of the week.Unlike last week, no statistics across the Atlantic will not give further details Monday about the health of the U.S. economy or the risk of a possible recession in the country. In France alone were expected business surveys of the Banque de France, unveiled on Monday its growth forecast for the third quarter. For the period, the institution expects an increase of 0.2% of French GDP, the same pace as in the previous quarter.

As for values ​​to follow, business publications are scarce this week.

Battered last week after interim results affected by exposure in Greece, banking stocks offered a nice rally this morning and take the lead increases the Cac 40.BNP Paribas (5.47% to 42.83 euros), followed closely by Credit Agricole (+ 5.01% to 7.51 euros) and Societe Generale (4.83% to 28.76 euros). For its part, Axa wins 3.81%, to 11.99 euros. The entire financial sector benefits from the relief this morning, the insurer CNP Assurances taking his side 3.91%, to 12.37 euros. Outside the CAC 40, ahead of Dexia 5.26% to 1.7 euro.

The manufacturer Archos tablet that will detail its annual accounts after market, has already won 4.77% to 8.35 euros.

Carmat (12.80% to 105.47 euros). The total artificial heart specialist said on Sunday evening the success of its capital increase launched from July 13 to 29. The former subsidiary of EADS has raised 29.3 million euros, which will fund the first clinical trials on humans.

GDF Suez (2.74% to 20.97 euros).The group of energy and services has sealed, according to Les Echos, a strategic Partenaris with the Chinese sovereign wealth fund CIC, which would lead to an acquisition of a 30% interest in the exploration and production arm of French.

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Just over five years after his return on the stock market, Legrand decided to convene today to financial analysts to present the group's prospects in the medium term. The meeting is held in Limoges, where Legrand has one of the French centers of research and development and a "show room" where he can show his skills in home automation and home assistance.

Legrand is a leading electrical and digital infrastructure in the building. He directed last year's 3.89 billion euros in turnover. Its products are the most visible switches and outlets, but it has extended its offer for several years in the areas of home automation and energy efficiency. Elements that have enabled it to deliver excellent results. And it's not over."We set targets in the medium term annual growth of our average total turnover of 10% and an adjusted operating margin averaged 20% after acquisitions," said Gilles Schnepp, Chairman and CEO Legrand.

To achieve this, the group is a clear acceleration of acquisitions. "Until now, we spend an average of 200 million euros per year to our external growth strategy, says Gilles Schnepp. Now, we have increased the amount to 400 million euros on average per year. Over the past twelve months, we completed seven acquisitions as well, especially in the new segments. "

Focus on emerging economies

The target group now two types of companies. First, the actors in the new economies. "We are already present in these countries. For example, we established in Brazil since 1977.Emerging economies now account for 35% of our business, but we want to increase this share to 50% within five years. "The group also wants to develop or strengthen in new segments. Home automation is to say the pilot via a digital interface functions as diverse as lighting, heating, opening and closing of the shutters or video monitoring of visitors, is in a. Other preferred areas: systems to improve energy efficiency or the digital infrastructure. These activities already account for nearly 20% of its sales and growth is more important than more traditional trades.

This dynamic policy of acquisitions can be done without recourse to debt. Funding is made possible by the structural improvement of the group's ability to generate cash."Five years ago, cash flow (cash flow) of Legrand represented 6% of our sales, says Gilles Schnepp. Last year it had risen to 13%. "

A change made possible by an improvement in its processes, including the decline of its product platforms, much like in the car, or shortening the development time of its products.

Performance that does not go unnoticed by investors. In five years, the stock has gained 49% while the CAC 40 sold 25% over the same period.

It is a revolution as important as the emergence of the credit card there are more than thirty years! Within a few months, the mobile phone will be used to pay for purchases, store loyalty points, get discounts … It is a certainty, while Google announced yesterday the launch of its electronic wallet from that Google Wallet been to San Francisco and New York.

Mobile payments, we talk a long time. Japan had taken a step ahead. European operators will all work. The French have even launched last year in Nice with success, and Eric Besson, Minister of Industry, has promised that 9 other cities would quickly adopt it. But the announcement of Google reshuffles the cards and give a real boost. For three reasons.

First, its strike force.It is a global leader enters the market with other global giants MasterCard and Citibank, bank side, Ingenico payment terminals and telecom operator like Sprint. He wants to generalize his service in 20 U.S. cities by the end of the year. And already negotiate with major European operators to launch in Europe next year. Second, to pay with his mobile, it is that traders are also equipped with readers. Now Google will subsidize the market by financing the equipment traders.

Thirdly, Google goes far beyond the mere payment: the Google Wallet is a real vacuum services: it helps make couponing, store loyalty points and activate automatically. "It's awesome in terms of promise and customer value creation.Mobile payment alone is not profitable, what counts is the whole ecosystem of services around, "said Stéphane Dubreuil, director of the firm Sia Council.

Specifically, Google knows, thanks to Google Search, a search engine, you went 20 times on the Internet sites of course. He knows with Google Maps that you walk near a golf shop. He can with Google Wallet send you a promotion that will make you enter the store. Then you will pay and store your loyalty points. "There is a side Big Brother, which can be a hazard if struck public opinion, but the attractiveness and ease of product should forget that aspect," said Virginia Laz, associate director at Bryan Garnier.

The delay of Apple

This is the first time a giant web between and walk-in retail."Google returns to the brick and mortar and will potentially be able to receive a commission on all transactions in the physical world. It's huge! , "Says Stéphane Dubreuil.

The arrival of Google, if it gives a boost to mobile payments, is also dangerously compete others. From yesterday, eBay and its payment subsidiary PayPal, which represents 20% of traffic off the credit card payments over the Internet, filed suit against Google, accusing it of stealing trade secrets, especially in recruiting one of its leaders.

Apple, far behind mobile payments, is obligated to respond. Even if the future iPhone 5 allows to make payment, their model risk is still very closed to show its limitations.

A month and a half after the start of hostilities, the war in Libya has already cost 50 million euros to France. Gerard Longuet, the defense minister, that figure dropped Tuesday before the Committee on National Defence, says Les Echos.

The invoice missiles fired by fighter planes is around 30 million euros each cruise missile costing nearly a million. We add the operating costs of aircraft: the flight time of a Rafale is estimated at 40,000 euros and time response of the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle to 50,000 euros. Premiums paid to military also weigh on the bill, amounting to nearly 10 million.

The war is not over and the cost of operations should increase if the conflict stalled. But whatever the final cost of these unforeseen expenses will be funded.The budget of the Ministry of Defence was counting on 900 million euros for external operations in 2011, an amount identical to that of 2010, with approximately $ 500 million for Afghanistan. Of this amount, 630 million euros have been budgeted and 50 million are expected from the UN, says Les Echos. Thus, 220 million are already short and we must add the cost of expenditures in Libya. Part of the money spent in Libya are at present drawn from the budgets of the military trainings that may not be sufficient, however. Time and budget constraints, the sum could be more difficult to refinance.

To international funding Libyan rebels

The "contact group" on Libya has agreed Thursday on the creation of a mechanism of financial support to insurgents fighting against the regime of Muammar Gaddafi.The special fund will be temporary "operational within the next few weeks," said the head of French diplomacy Alain Juppe, after a group meeting in Rome. "The temporary funding mechanism set in Doha is now well defined" so as to be "operational in the coming weeks," said the French minister told reporters.

After the announcement of the participation of the United States, France "also define" the height of his contributions soon, he added.

The National Transitional Council (CNT) formed by the insurgent wants to be granted loans totaling two to three billion dollars to cover its needs for food and medicines, to ensure essential services in areas it controls and to pay salaries.About 250 million has "already" been collected for humanitarian aid to Libya, said the Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini.

This request has so far been examined carefully in the Western embassies, particularly because of legal obstacles that the Rome meeting was intended to circumvent.

The administration formed by the insurgents is far recognized only by France, Italy and Qatar.

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Have a green thumb is not enough. Owning a terrace in town is for many urbanites, a dream has a price. According to a study by Ipsos for the National Union of Entrepreneurs of the landscape, three out of five would be willing to spend more to afford private green space. Remains to be seen how much. A well-enriched with a terrace implies a premium, hard to assess. Beautiful garden and terrace have to be considered as the second living area's largest home after the show, the price of an apartment is calculated based on its inner surface.

"The land can not be accounted for under the Carrez law, gets carried away Vitu Henry Benedict, the founder, twelve years ago, the first agency thematic, Terrace and Garden.Refer a weighting in the estimation of a property with a terrace is unfair … "Some agencies identify three areas: that of the apartment in" square ", that of the terrace, and a third," living ", taking into account some of the terrace. Difficult to navigate.

Exclusive possession

Only a comprehensive evaluation enables real estate professionals to refine their estimates based on a bunch of criteria. A terrace is primarily an outdoor area at above the apartment below. Then, all things considered: environment, vis-à-vis, exposure, accessibility (terrace is worth more than single storey pitched after a spiral staircase). The ratio of area outdoor / indoor is also important.Other criteria, its legal description: mostly as a party town but exclusive enjoyment.

"Everything depends on the use of the terrace," says Peter Bazaille me, notary. Must be able to set up a table and chairs … "How to give a price for this outdoor space? "On a terrace of 10 m2, 2 m2 can be added to calculate the price of an apartment of 70 m2. On a terrace of 20 m2 usable, to be weighed 8 m2 the price of an apartment that would make 100, "he says payday advance. At a recent expertise of an apartment of 80 m2 top floor, with views across Lyon and hanging garden of 50 m2, Pierre Bazaille suggested, however, add to half the size of this urban paradise prices sale."The greening of the place is also part of the estimate of a property, says Henry Benedict Vitu, but it is undeveloped, it is better to give carte blanche to the purchaser." The garden staging, home staging declined would therefore be handled with care.

"Home Green Home"

The owner of a heavenly "home green home" will indeed be delighted to arrange their favorite plants, recommended more often by a landscaper. And guided by the condominium rules that can sometimes prevent some species, such as invasive bamboos. Enhance this green bought at the price of gold is more or less, depending on materials. "The cost per square meter to 250 € in authentic Parisian cobblestones, but at 50 € pebble, note, for example, Pierre Alexandre Risser, renowned landscape.A tray can range from 15 €, plastic, 400 € clay. "In addition to traditional services, he suggested, 200 €, available for" makeovers "decking line. Tips to enlarge the existing smaller spaces. Christophe Courtois and overhung the terrace of a giant mirror, which reflected plants and clouds. From a lead roof bristling with chimneys, Hugh Peuvergne made him a Provencal garden with green oak, cypress, olive Bohemian and wisteria. At the heart of the tenth district, he raises at the end of a terrace of 8 m2, a forest cabin facade. And imagined, on top of a building of the sixteenth Haussmann, a roof terrace of 120 m², with cabin, swing, sandbox and generous dining area. Making sure to leave between the trees, a "track" for Children transferred to a tricycle.

French banks bear the brunt of the deepening of the crisis in Côte d'Ivoire. Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo out, trying to stay ahead of the state and against the last presidential election, has announced last night on public television RTI "on decrees that the State of Côte Ivory took control by taking a full and complete participation in the capital of some banks. These include the SGBCI and Bicic, which are subsidiaries of Ivorian French banks BNP Paribas and Societe Generale.

His decision is to "preserve jobs and ensure the access of Ivorians and traders to their assets" in "as soon as possible." France has "condemned" the "nationalization" of banks, through the voice of the spokesman of Foreign Ministry.The two French banks have their part to comment the intentions of Laurent Gbagbo.

Financial asphyxiation

Following the post-election crisis, born of the struggle between Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo and outgoing Alassane Ouattara, President-elect acknowledged by much of the international community, the Central Bank of African States (BCEAO ) has severed its ties with Abidjan in January to try to suffocate the Gbagbo regime. This isolation has closed the financial tap francs CFA president.Far from giving up, Laurent Gbagbo attempted to mount a viable banking system across Ivory Coast, the price of a "huge pressure" on the subsidiaries of large foreign banks to remain in business Business Card Holders.

But with the lack of liquidity, technical difficulties and legal risks, and the threat of sanctions wielded by the BCEAO against banks working with the Gbagbo government, especially when faced with violence that threaten the safety of their employees, BNP Paribas and Societe Generale first, yesterday, gave the signal for withdrawal. "Other banks will close," predicted one senior industry.

Effect "cataclysmic" freezing the financial system

Already five major foreign banks have decided to suspend their activities. The interruption of their business is blocking the Ivorian banking system, plunging the country a little more into chaos.The economy had indeed already been drastically slowed by the sanctions of the EU imposing such a ban on the two ports, the country's lung. The effect of blocking bank could be "cataclysmic," according to some.

Already, Abidjan went to stop their banks to withdraw their money. "It is feared the contagion effect, so we just remove a little about our savings," says one entrepreneur. "I'd rather have my money on me, it is unclear what will happen," shouts one soldier. The political crisis appears to have already led to a banking crisis that goes straight to an economic crisis.

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The coalition government led by David Cameron yesterday launched nothing less than the most significant reform of the British system of public health since its inception in 1948. The plan will give more power to GPs and will put in competition with private and public structures, which is denounced by the opposition Labor Party as a back-door attempt to "privatize" the National Health Service (NHS, National Health Service) .

Although the health sector is the only branch of the state untouched by the 81 billion pounds (96 billion) of budget cuts, the coalition of Conservatives and Liberal Democrats has aimed to 4% savings on the health budget, a total of 20 billion pounds in four years.The money saved by reforming the system should be fully reinvested to improve the quality of care and offset the rising cost of health care costs.

David Cameron recalled last weekend that Britain was still below the EU average in many areas, such as survival rates for different types of cancer.

The reform, which concerns only England (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are autonomous in managing their health care system), was presented yesterday to Parliament by the Conservative Minister of Health Andrew Lansley fast cash advance.While Tony Blair and Gordon Brown had tried to improve the quality of the system by investing billions of pounds and more than 400,000 by recruiting new staff for the NHS in a decade, Cameron's plan will remove two hierarchical levels in the administration and should result in significant staff reductions.

Quest for the best price

Currently, public hospitals are controlled by a British chain of command that goes from regional levels to Ministry of Health at the top. From 2013, the new system will remove the control to the Minister of Health to empower GPs, GP (General Practitioners). These physicians, together with regional groupings, have the responsibility to manage up to 80 billion pounds on a total budget of more than 100 billion pounds.Depending on their needs and objectives, they define the goals of care and will be able to compete with public hospitals and private organizations to provide services at the best price. Many patient groups and doctors' union, the British Medical Association, concerned about the impact of reform on patients and fear that these radical reforms and rapid "focus more on cost than quality" of care.

Bernard Arnault chose not to sell Kenzo and revive the brand. This subsidiary of LVMH group since 1993 is often regarded as the unloved child of the French luxury empire. At that point recurrent rumors about a possible sale had surfaced before last summer. Credit Agricole, Bank of LVMH, has indeed studied the file and buyout offers were presented. But the boss of the group has denied. He decided instead to revive the brand, which recently celebrated its 40 years, but barely surviving the departure of its founder Kenzo Takada, ten years ago.

The president of the company for just two years, James Greenfield, is leaving. He should join another subsidiary of LVMH. According to our information, it will be replaced by Eric Marechalle early January. The latter shows a profile of business.After going through the clothing brand cheap C & A, he was in charge of the group Catimini kidswear Zannier. This recruitment should be only the first of a series intended to beef up the sales and marketing of Kenzo.

The boss of LVMH trying to recoup its smaller brands, which often live in the shadow of the "stars" of the group, like Vuitton, Dior, Moet & Chandon or Tag Heuer. Within the fashion industry, led by Pierre-Yves Roussel, claws Celine, Givenchy, Loewe, Pucci, Berluti Kenzo or contribute less than others in the group's profits when they are not home loss cashadvance. The revival of Celine since eighteen months, led by Phoebe Philo to the creation and Marco Gobetti management, is already a success.Bernard Arnault and Pierre-Yves Roussel would apply the same recipes at Kenzo.

The fate of the artistic director, the Italian Antonio Marras, in place since 2004, is unresolved. Extend his contract until at least 2012. His style often cultural or ethnic does not always convincing. Some models shown at the shows are not even marketed.

Restore profitability

The new boss will have to look at the structure of the collections to make the offer more consistent. Kenzo is a scratch less luxurious than its counterparts LMVH, more accessible, balanced between men and women. Its sales, estimated at 150 million euros, is at best stable and has little of the traditional sector relay accessories (bags, shoes).Moreover, if it developed in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Asia in recent years the brand has not a globally and remains absent from the United States. Reduced to balance in 2007 after several years of losses, the company did not release significant profit. The new boss's first task will be to redevelop the sales to restore profitability in the medium term. However, its perfumes, whose bestseller FlowerbyKenzo, are a lucrative nugget.